Beer in England

Question

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Answer 1

English beer brands

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Answer 2

Breweries in England

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Answer 3

Brewing in London

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Answer 4

English brewers

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Answer 5

Pubs in England

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Answer 6

Beer in England

Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years. As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.

English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale. Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London. Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century. Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.

Brewing in Britain was probably well established when the Romans arrived in 54 BC, and certainly continued under them.

"In the 1980s archaeologists found the evidence that Rome's soldiers in Britain sustained themselves on Celtic ale. A series of domestic and military accounts written on wooden tablets were dug up at the Roman fort of Vindolanda, at Chesterholm in modern Northumbria, dating to between AD90 and AD130. They reveal the garrison at Vindolanda buying ceruese, or beer, as the legions doubtless did throughout the rest of Roman Britain, almost certainly from brewers in the local area."

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Answer 7

List of breweries in England

This is a list of breweries in England. Beer in England pre-dates other alcoholic drinks produced in England, and has been brewed continuously since prehistoric times. As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation. Modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.

In 2000, there were around 500 breweries in the UK, the 2015 edition of the Good Beer Guide lists 1,285 breweries now operating in Britain. A 2015 government analysis reveals a new brewery was opening in Britain every other day with Britain becoming a 'brewing powerhouse'.

Cropton Brewery is located in Cropton, a village and civil parish in the Ryedale district of North Yorkshire

Holdens Brewery, Woodsetton, Dudley, West Midlands

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Answer 8

Ale conner

An ale-conner (sometimes aleconner) was an officer appointed yearly at the court-leet of ancient English communities to ensure the goodness and wholesomeness of bread, ale, and beer. There were many different names for this position which varied from place to place: "ale-tasters," gustatores cervisiae, "ale-founders," and "ale-conners". Ale-conners were also often trusted to ensure that the beer was sold at a fair price. Historically, four ale-conners were chosen annually by the common-hall of the city.

Ale-conners were sworn "to examine and assay the beer and ale, and to take care that they were good and wholesome, and sold at proper prices according to the assize; and also to present all defaults of brewers to the next court-leet." The mediaeval post of ale conner was far from a popular or sought-after position. Hops are a preservative, so before the introduction of hopping, ale would not keep well and had to be brewed on site, meaning there were many small breweries to visit. In addition, ale frequently "went off" for the same reason, so tasting it was not uniformly pleasant. Finally, as a representative of the authorities and dispenser of fines, an ale-conner could become unpopular in the community. Ale-conners sometimes had to be impressed into service, and the post was often rotated amongst a number of individuals.

The tradition was maintained in London into the 20th century. The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica reports:

The title was also used of officers chosen by the liverymen in London to inspect the measures used in the public houses. The title is a sinecure.

It is sometimes said that:

The Ale Conner was a type of early tax-man whose job it was to test the quality and strength of beer, not by quaffing, but by sitting in a puddle of it! They travelled from pub to pub clad in sturdy leather britches. Beer was poured on a wooden bench and the Conner sat in it. Depending on how sticky they felt it to be when they stood up, they were able to assess its alcoholic strength and impose the appropriate duty.

However, the accuracy of the colourful legend is doubtful.

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Answer 9

Barley wine

Barley wine

Barley wine is a style of strong ale of between 6-11% alcohol by volume.

In ancient Greece, a style of fermented grain beverage was referred to as "κρίθινος οἶνος" (krithinos oinos), barley wine and it is mentioned amongst others by Greek historians Xenophon in his work Anabasis and Polybius in his work The Histories, where he mentions that Phaeacians kept barley wine in silver and golden kraters. These barley wines would be dissimilar to modern examples as their mention predates the use of hops (a key component in modern barley wines) by several centuries.

The first beer to be marketed as barley wine was Bass No. 1 Ale, around 1870.

The Anchor Brewing Company introduced the style to the United States in 1976 with its Old Foghorn Barleywine Style Ale. Old Foghorn was styled as barleywine (one word) out of fear that occurrence of the word wine on a beer label would displease regulators.

A barley wine typically reaches an alcohol strength of 8 to 12% by volume and is brewed from specific gravities as high as 1.120. Use of the word wine is due to its alcoholic strength similar to a wine; but since it is made from grain rather than fruit, it is a beer.

There are two primary styles of barley wine: the American which tends to be more hoppy and bitter with colours ranging from amber to light brown and the English style which tends to be less bitter and may have little hop flavour, with more variety in colour ranging from red-gold to opaque black. Until the introduction of an amber-coloured barley wine under the name Gold Label by the Sheffield brewery Tennant's in 1951 (later brewed by Whitbread), British barley wines were always dark in colour.

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Answer 10

Bath Ales

Bath Ales

Bath Ales is a brewery located in the town of Warmley, Bristol, north-west of Bath, England.

The brewery was established in 1995 by former employees of Smiles Brewery in Bristol. Since that time, it has experienced steady growth, which included opening a new bottling plant in 2007. On 1 July 2016 Bath Ales was acquired by Cornwall-based St Austell Brewery.

The brewery uses an efficient steam-driven plant. Heat exchangers take the warmth naturally created by the fermentation process and use it to heat the water. The finished grain is then given to local farmers as livestock feed, while the finished hops and yeast are converted into fertiliser.

The brewery uses simple label artwork, featuring a dashing hare. It brews eleven beers and a cider, which are sold in cask, keg and bottle.

Regular beers include Gem (4.1% abv), a best bitter; Barnsey (formerly Barnstormer) (4.5% abv), a dark bitter; Darkside (4.0% abv), a stout; Golden Hare (4.4% abv), a light ale; Ginger Hare (3.9% abv), a spicy ale; Wild Hare (5.0% abv), an organic golden pale ale; and Special Pale Ale (3.7% abv), a golden pale ale. The seasonal ales are Festivity (5.0% abv), a seasonal rum porter; Rare Hare (5.2% abv), a seasonal premium bitter; Summer's Hare (3.9% abv), a light hoppy beer; and Forest Hare (3.9% abv), a hoppy autumnal ale. Bounders (5.4% abv) and Bounders Traditional (6.0% abv), both ciders, complete the range.

The brewery has a number of tied pubs, mainly in the Bath and Bristol area. In Bristol these include; The Wellington, on the Gloucester Road, Horfield, Beerd in Cotham, Graze Bar & Chophouse on Queen Square and both Beerd and Colston Street Bar & Kitchen at the Colston Hall.

In Bath the brewery runs The Salamander, The Hop Pole and Graze Bar, Brewery & Chophouse. Along with The Swan at nearby Swineford.

Other locations include Graze Bar, Brasserie & Chophouse in Cirencester and Beerd in Oxford.

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